Effect of Rheb1 in the Development of Mouse Megakaryocyte-Erythroid Progenitor Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Rheb1 in the development of mouse megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells and its related mechanism.@*METHODS@#Rheb1 was specifically knocked-out in the hematopoietic system of Vav1-Cre;Rheb1fl/fl mice(Rheb1Δ/Δ mice). Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of red blood cells in peripheral blood and erythroid cells in bone marrow in Vav1-Cre;Rheb1fl/fl mice and control mice. The CFC assay was used to detect the differentiation ability of Rheb1 KO megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells and control cells. Real-time fluorescence quantification PCR was used to detect the relative expression of PU.1,GATA-1,GATA-2,CEBPα and CEBPβ of Rheb1 KO megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells and control cells. Rapamycin was added to the culture medium, and it was used to detect the changes in cloning ability of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells from wild-type mice in vitro.@*RESULTS@#After Rheb1 was knocked out, the development and stress response ability of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells in mice were weaken and the differentiation ability of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells in vitro was weaken. Moreover, the expression of GATA-1 of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells was decreased. Further, rapamycin could inhibit the differentiative capacity of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells in vitro.@*CONCLUSION@#Rheb1 can regulate the development of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells probably through the mTOR signaling pathway in mice.

Review of chemical constituents,pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Danggui Buxue Decoction and prediction and analysis of its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Danggui Buxue Decoction is a classic prescription of Qi and blood tonification, which is mainly applied in treating fatigue, internal damage Qi weakness, blood deficiency, and outward going of floating Yang. Modern pharmacology shows that it can promote hematopoiesis, regulate immunity, and protect heart and cerebral vessels. The prescription, often used for the treatment of anemia and other diseases in clinic, is composed of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix at a dosage ratio of 5∶1. It is a modern compound prescription for invigorating Qi and generating blood. Based on the review of the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, and clinical applications of Danggui Buxue Decoction, its Q-marker was predicted and analyzed according to the "five principles" of Chinese medicine Q-marker--quality transmissibility and traceability, ingredient specificity, component validity, component measurabi-lity, and formula compatibility environment. The results suggested that calycosin, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, formononetin, ononin, astragaloside A, ferulic acid, and ligustilide could be used as Q-markers of Danggui Buxue Decoction, which provides reference for establishing the quality system of Danggui Buxue Decoction.

Review of chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Suanzaoren Decoction and prediction and analysis of its Q-markers / 中国中药杂志

Suanzaoren Decoction is a classic prescription for nourishing the heart and liver, nourishing blood and tranquilizing the mind. It has the functions of sedation and hypnosis, anti-anxiety, anti-depression, anti-convulsion and so on. Modern clinic is mostly used to treat different types of insomnia, depression, neurasthenia, tension headache and vertigo. In this paper, the chemical consti-tuents, pharmacological effects and clinical application of Suanzaoren Decoction are reviewed. Based on this, the quality marker(Q-marker) of Suanzaoren Decoction was predicted and analyzed according to the "five principles" of Q-marker of traditional Chinese medicine--transmission and traceability, specificity, effectiveness, measurability and compatibility environment of compound prescriptions. The results indicated that jujuboside, spinosin, ferulic acid, senkyunolide Ⅰ, sarsasapogenin, mangiferin, liquiritoside and glycyrrhizic acid were predicted and analyzed, and those can be used as Q-markers of Suanzaoren Decoction. Subsequently, the above components can be selected as indicators to control and evaluate the quality of Suanzaoren Decoction and its preparations, and establish a quality traceability system.

Application of Cell Membrane Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry in Screening of Active Ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicines / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The chemical components (groups) contained in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and its compound preparations are the material basis for its curative effect, because of the integrity of the action of TCM and the complexity of its compositions and mechanism. The separation and analysis of chemical constituents in TCM and its compound prescriptions by various methods is always a key problem to be solved in the research of disease prevention and treatment of TCM. The binding of drug molecules to receptors at the cellular level was explored to provide a new idea for the screening of active components of TCM or its compound preparations. Traditional methods have some drawbacks, such as cumbersome operation, time-consuming, waste of solvents and irreversible adsorption of samples. The basic information of pharmacological parameters cannot be given in the separation process, and the active ingredients cannot be efficiently and accurately located. At present, cell membrane chromatography (CMC), one of the methods, is used to study the interaction between drug molecules and receptors, and can combine the existing chromatography and mass spectrometry technology, cell biology and receptor pharmacology, and correctly reflect the interaction between active parts, active components and cell membrane and membrane receptors, so it has unique advantages in screening effective parts, separation of active components and high-throughput screening from complex TCM system. The principles and characteristics of CMC, the cell membrane model in the field of active ingredient selection of TCM and its research status in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were reviewed, and its development prospects and future research methods were discussed, which provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the research and utilization of CMC in the field of TCM.

Function of sahH gene in exopolysaccharides synthesis of Streptococcus mutans LuxS null strain / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To investigate the function of sahH gene in exopolysaccharides synthesis of Streptococcus mutans LuxS null strain. Methods·sahH+luxS-SmUA159 was constructed by introducing sahH gene into Streptococcus mutans LuxS null strain,while PIB169+luxS-SmUA159 and its wild strain SmUA159 were used as vector control and blank control. Real-time qPCR and anthrone test were performed to investigate the differences in exopolysaccharides synthesis among sahH+luxS-SmUA159, PIB169+luxS-SmUA159 and the wide-type strain SmUA159. Results·The transcriptional levels of gtfA and gtfD were upregulated in the sahH+luxS-SmUA159,compared to SmUA159 and PIB169+luxS-SmUA159(both P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference in the transcriptional levels of gtfB and gtfC.The results of the anthrone test showed exopolysaccharides synthesis of the three groups was also similar. Conclusion·sahH gene affects the expression of some genes related to exopolysaccharides synthesis,but it has little effect on the whole content of bacterial exopolysaccharides.

Analysis of Gene Mutation Types of Thalassemia in Longyan Area of Fujian Province in China / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the type and distribution of thalassemia gene mutation in Longyan area of Fujian province in China, so as to provide a evidence for prenatal diagnosis and to reduce birth defects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin electrophoresis were used for screened the mutation types of thalassemia. Genotyping of the screened positive sample was performed by gap single polymerase chain reaction (gap-PCR) and reverse dot blot hybridization (RDB).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of 7823 cases of routine positive blood test, 2826 cases were positive (36.12%) by using hemoglobin electrophoresis; 1905 out of 2710 cases were diagnosed as Mediterranean anemia by genetic test, with 24.35% of carrying rate; 1225 cases were positive alpha thalassaemia and the carrying rate was 15.66%, their major genetic types were --/αα,-α/αα,-α/--and -α/αα, with carrying rate of 12.91%, 1.28%, 0.51% and 0.74%, respectively; 632 cases were positive β thalassaemia, with carrying rate of 8.08%, the major genotypes were 654M/N,41-42M/N,17M/N,-28M/N and 27-28M/N and with carrying rate of 3.66%, 2.22%, 0.78%, 0.66% and 0.45%, respectively; 48 cases were diagnosed as both α- and β-thalassemia, with the carrying rate of 0.61%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The main gene mutation types of α- and β-thalassemia in Longyan area of Fujian Province in China were --/aa and 654 M/N. As thalassemia gene mutation prevalents in Fujian, the screening of thalassemia genotypes for childbearing age woman has great significance for raising population quality.</p>

Pharmacodynamic differences between hangmaidong and chuanmaidong based on metabonomics / 药学学报

To evaluate the differences of Ophiopogonjaponicus from different cultivations, the metabolomics based method was conducted to compare the effects of Hangmaidong and Chuanmaidong (Chinese name) on plasma endogenous metabolites of normal rats. Data were collected by ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), and were analyzed by multivariate statistical method, such as Principal Component Analysis and Orthogonal Signal Correction Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis. Results revealed that the plasma metabolites profiling of low and middle dose group of Chuanmaidong were similar to the control group, but different from the high dose group obviously. Meanwhile the high, middle and low dose groups of Hangmaidong were different from control group notably, and the difference is dose dependent. Lysophosphatidylcholines, the possible endogenous metabolites which contribute to the classification most significantly, are closely related to cardiovascular system diseases. Compared with the group of Chuanmaidong, Hangmaidong has greater impact on the plasma metabolic profiling of normal rats. Hangmaidong and Chuanmaidong showed significant differences pharmacodynamically.

Inhibitory effect of pterin acid against ricin and recombinant ricin A chain / 军事医学科学院院刊

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of pterin acid (PTA) against ricin and recombinant ricin A chain protein. Methods Luciferase protein synthesis inhibition assay in a cell-free system and in vitro cytotoxicity experiments were performed to assess the biological activity of ricin and rRTA treated with PTA.Results The result showed that PTA could significantly inhibit the activity of ricin and rRTA in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion PTA might be used as a small molecular probe to develop an evaluating system for ricin/RTA small molecular inhibitor in vitro. The cell-free system adopted in the current study could also serve as a necessary basis for screening some novel small molecular compounds against ricin and RTA in the future.

Trends in detection methods of ricin / 军事医学科学院院刊

Ricin is a plant-derived ribosome-inhibitor which can be easily purified in large quantities from castor beans. It is a potent irreversible inhibitor of protein synthesis. The mode of intoxication could be inhalation, ingestion, intravenous injection.Ricin has been classified as a schedule 1 threat agent by the Chemical Weapons Convention.A fast and sensitive method for the detection of this threat agent is an important tool for preventing or dealing with the consequences of intoxication. An ideal method should be highly sensitve, highly selective, and well capable of identifying ricin in a short assay time. Several methods have been established for ricin detection. This review summaries the development of detection methods for ricin in recent years.

HPLC determination of 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyaporphine, pronuciferine, nuciferine and roemerine in Nelumbo nucifera and its alkaloid fraction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an HPLC method for the determination of four alkaloids, i.e., 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyaporphine, pronuciferine, nuciferine and roemerine, in Nelumbo nucifera and its alkaloid fraction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The determination was carried out at 35 degrees C on a Hypersil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm), eluting with acetonitrile-water containing 0.1% triethylamine as mobile phases in gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1) and detection at the wavelength was set at 270 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The linear ranges of 2-hydroxy-1-methoxyaporphine, pronuciferine, nuciferine and roemerine were 0.110-0.658 microg (r = 0.9995), 0.0210-0.126 microg (r = 0.9995), 0.103-0.618 microg (r = 0.9998), 0.085 6-0.514 microg (r = 0.9995), with the average recoveries (n=6) were 101.5%, 99.14%, 99.21% and 98.41% for the alkaloid fraction of N. nucifera and 99.53%, 100.5%, 97.51% and 100.1% for N. nucifera respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The determination results of the three batches of samples showed that the method was easy and accurate which could be used to determine the contents of four components in N. nucifera and its alkaloid fraction.</p>

Synthesis and antitumor activity of benzoic nitrogen mustard derivatives / 药学学报

To study the effect of isoprenoid and aliphatic saturated alcohols as modificator on benzoic nitrogen mustard, the intermediate 4-[N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl) amino] benzoic acid 4 was prepared in four steps utilizing p-amino benzoic acid as the starting material. Target compounds were synthesized by the catalytic esterification of DCC/DMAP and the structures of the six new esters were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. Antitumor activities were evaluated in vitro using MTT assay. The result showed that some derivatives were more potent than the intermediate 4, and compound 5c modified with dodecanol exhibited similar activity to the commercial drug melphalan.

Expression of c-fos Protein in Hippocampus of Newborn Rats with Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage and Its Significance / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the relationship of c-fos protein and cell apoptosis by observing the expression of c-fos protein in hippocampus of newborn rat with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Forty-eight 7-day SD neonatal rats were randomly divided into control group(n=6) and experiment group(n=42).The models of HIBD were established in neonatal rats by inhaling the mixed gases of 920 mL/L N2 and 80 mL/L O2,and the animals were sacrificed by dislocation their heads at different time points(0.5,1,3,6,12,24,48,72 h),then the hippocampus were dissected by morphological analysis.Results The apoptotic cells appeared at the time point of 3 h,and reached the peak at 48 h,then decreased.The positive cell of c-fos protein increased from the time point of 30 min and reached the peak at 2 h and then decreased gradually,and there was a contrary tendency between the expression of c-fos protein and the number of damaged brain cells by HIBD(r=-0.57 P

Experimental study about the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on renal acute ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract(EGb) on the kidney in the case of ischemia-reperfusion injury.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in male rats was made by ligation of left renal artery for 45 min and 4 h of reperfusion. The rats with pretreament were fed with EGb prior to operation. The change of MDA, SOD, Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase in kidney and BUN, Cr in plasma were determined. The renal pathologic changes were observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>After ischemia-reperfusion, the content of MDA in renal cortex and the levels of BUN, Cr in plasma were increased,the activity of SOD,Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase in renal cortex were decreased, and the phathological changes induced by ischemia-reperfusion in renal tissues were observed clearly. The pretreatment of rats with EGb coued significantly prevente the reduction of SOD, Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase activity in renal cortex and the increase of MDA content in renal cortex, decrease the concenration of BUN, Cr in plasma. The pathological changes of proximal tubular cells in rats kidneys induced by ischemia-reperfusion were also prevented by the pretreatment with EGb.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EGb can protect rats from renal injuries caused by ischemia-reperfusion.</p>

Effects of a comprehensive intervention program on simple obesity of children in kindergarten / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of the study was to explore a comprehensive management program for the obese children in kindergarten. The program should be scientific, rational, suitable for kindergarten, and easy to apply. Child care workers, parents, and child health care doctors participated in the program to help obese children establish a scientific life style through their daily life, to control their weight and to maintain their physical and mental health.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The theories of behavior science, nutriology and kinematics were applied to make the weight control of obese children in kindergarten quantified and relatively standardized. Children were divided into three groups, intervened obese children, non-intervened obese children and normal children. Data such as weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were observed to assess the effect of weight control and define whether it affects the linear gain of children's height.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The recovery rate of intervened obese group, non-intervened group was 62.5% and 5.3%, respectively. The general effective rate was 91.7% and 15.8%, respectively. The weight gain of intervened group was 4.15 kg lower than that of non-intervened group. The BMI of intervened group significantly decreased by 2.9 as compared to the non-intervened group. The height gain of intervened group was similar to that of normal group. Parents and health care workers' realization of children obesity and their corresponding actions, the behaviors of obese children at home and in kindergarten were changed toward the direction beneficial to weight control.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The implementation of the comprehensive intervention program for obesity in children, which involved obese children, child care worker, parents, and child care doctors alleviated the obesity level of those obese children without affecting their normal height gain. The program was safe and effective. Through the comprehensive intervention, the obese children could establish good habits during the sensitive period.</p>